Thursday, October 18, 2012

Analysis of Literey Texts 
Level :four
Tought by Dr.T.S.Tripathi
anlaysed by Ahmed Al-Dali

Proverbs

1-''All that glitters is not gold.''
This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that the things that 
are glittering, attractive, fascinating and shining need not be original, valuable from inside. Sometimes things appear to be very realistic and pure from outside but it does not mean that real from inside.  Similarly sometimes human beings seem to be    very significant and fascinating from but need not to be real from inside. For example, Lady Macbeth was beautiful from outside but she was ugly same from inside while she enforces her husband to kill the king Duncan to be king and queen of England. Therefore this is the real reality of life'' all that glitters is not gold.'
2-Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard are sweeter.
This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that the  sometimes things which we  see from  our natural eyes are good but those things which we does not listen also create an everlasting impact and appear better in life .For example ,sometimes you preparation for something is good but sometimes you don't so but it becomes better. However don't be envy nor criticized.
3- Child is the father of man.
This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that the child is the beginner of the characteristics of mankind. It also tells us that your experience as a child will determine what type of a person you will be when you grow up ,that is the environrmt you grow in which  makes you are later in life .Therefore the children will grow up as adults and childhood is the most important time whatever we learn , our experience now certainly help  us in our later life ,namely, that children will be the father of tomorrows 's men
4-Beauty is truth, Truth is beauty.
This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that
anything which is nice, good, attractive, and fascinating in reality is cure, valuable, natural and vices-versa.
5-if winter comes can spring be far behind
This line is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that all the seasons of the year are followed by one another. For example, winter is followed by summer, summer is followed by autumn, autumn is followed by spring, spring is followed by rainy season and again winter. Similarly winter is also a symbol of darkness and pessimism, and spring is a symbol of brightness and optimism. Therefore if a person is sad today ,it does not  mean that  he will be sad forever .After sometimes sadness will be replaced by happiness because life has ups and downs .For example , there was neighbor ,sad  and despair and I tried to convince him to live and enjoy his life ,then with the passage of time ,I find him happy and pleasant .Therefore if winter comes can spring be far behind.  
6- Prevention is better than cure.
This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that it is better to be careful and cautious in life, rather than to have accidents to regret and repent in life .For example, Macbeth when he closes his eyes and follows the witches and his wife blindly then starts killing his friend Bonguo then lady macduff and her son without caring from anything .In the end, he regrets because he never looks before he leaps when he says;'' Out, out, brief candle!
Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage
And then is heard no more: it is a tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,
Signifying nothing.''

7-Neccesity is the mother of invention.
 This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that in order to invent, discover and create something in life, it is necessary to know the basic or fundamentals of that thing .Without the basic knowledge, it is very difficult to climb in life.   This proverb
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                         8-Face is the Index of the man.
This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that most of the time in life the personality of a person can be judged or analyzed by his outer appearance or body language. 
9-Knowledge is power.
It is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. The meaning of this proverb is that if we use studies in our character in proper way ,at proper place in proper time ,they will shape a proper destiny of our life ,and life will become potentiality .For example , ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….therefore knowledge  is power because knowledge can move mountains .
10-Experience is the best teacher
This proverb is an aphoristic saying of universal wisdom. It means that nothing is perfect unless a man practice time and again in life .For example ,there was a friend of mine his name is Ali could not speak English at least sentences ,but tried and practiced his English daily later ,I found him speak English well. Therefore, practice makes a man perfect.  


First Poem: 
 

By William Wordsworth                               My heart leaps up

My heart leaps up when I behold [a]
A rain bow in the sky ' '[b]

         In this short poem consisting of only nine lines, the poet begins by observing and Wordsworth felt such joy because the rainbow indicates the constancy of his connection to nature throughout his life, declaring Fascinating features of nature that he is moved through especially by nature's beauty .He also gives the most beautiful symbol of natural nature which is Rainbow.                                  
So was it when my life began   [c]
So is it now I am a man              [c]
So be it when I shall grow old, [a]
Or let me die!                              [b]
   In these lines, the speaker is so certain of his connection with nature that he sees; it will be constant until he becomes an old man. Also, the speaker explains his connection to nature, stating that it has been strong throughout his life. He goes on to say that he has always felt the impact of nature, even when he was infant. These lines tell us that the poet is not only admirer, appreciator and lover, but also fond of and crazy about nature, considering the principle which is ''Beauty is Truth, Truth is beauty.''  Therefore he even goes so far as to say that if he ever loses his connection of nature, he would prefer to die
The child is father of the man. [c]
In this line ''7th'', Words worth depicts   and declares child as superior to mankind because of their proximity to nature. The poet also through this line has ability to express a complicated idea in so few words .Therefore the speaker considers that child is a symbolic of real reality, kindness, purity, goodness, pureness, niceness, honesty and innocence of nature, and believes that children are close to nature then heaven and God since they have recently come from the arms of God. The speaker thus realizes the importance to stay connected to one's childhood.
And I could wish my days to be          [d]
Bound each to each by natural piety[b]                                                                                                          
In this line, the speaker shows us his wish in hoping to be true and wants to live his life full of virtues in sense of wonder interlaced with innocence, purity. Plainly, he always wants to feel joy even as an old man. Bloom suggests that Wordsworth's poetic gift relied on his ability to recall the memories of his joy as a child. these two lines show a happy mood of relaxation that life is tied by deep respect for nature ,after getting consolation from the ideas of continuity .

:Second poem
 
I wondered lonely as a cloud   ''Daffodils''                                                    by William Words

I wondered lonely as a cloud                [a]                                                                     
That floats on high o'er vales and hills [b]
When all at once I saw a crowd,            [a]
A host of golden daffodils;                     [b]
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,      [c]
Fluttering and dancing the breeze .      [c]

  The poem consists of four identically constructed stanzas and follows a quatrain-couplet rhyme scheme, AB AB CC in which lines metered in Iambic tetrameter. However, the first stanza rhymes with ''cloud, hills, crowd, daffodils, and trees rhymes with breeze.
In the first stanza, the poet has a great imagination and observation of daffodils, considering that Daffodils a symbolic of nature's beauty. The poet also starts using a very beautiful figure of speech in the form of simile ,comparing the wondering of a man to a cloud drifting
through in the sky .Through this comparison ,the poet emphasizes the individual by representing a person who is a alone and lonely like a cloud roams everywhere ''vales and hills'' freely and full of pleasure .Apparently a cloud is personified by the speaker to be given human emotions to feel lonely .then Wordsworth uses another figure of speech in the form of personification when he calls the golden daffodils a crowd as if the people were gathered in an  utopian place ''between the lake under the trees'' in order to show how beautiful attractive , and fascinating the flowers'' Daffodils look like while gathering .continually ,the poet humanizes Daffodils by describing them doing human actions such as dancing actively e. i. like a person dances happily and flights on a special and breezy time .By giving the daffodils such human qualities in heavenly place ,this suggests that this stanza written in the morning .Therefore these lines indicate an inherent unity between the man and nature ,describing the poet himself as lover ,admirer, and experience.      
 Continuous as the stars that shine         [a]
And twinkle on the Milky Way,                    [b] 
They stretched in never ending line         [a]
Along the margin of a bay:                          [b]
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,                 [c]
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance   .[c]

This stanza is  a quatrain-couplet rhyme scheme, AB AB CC in which lines metered in Iambic tetrameter  .it sets up the rhymes ''shine ,way 'line , bay '' glance e, dance ''In these lines words worth gives us a clear description of Daffodils by using a unique figure of speech in the form of simile ,comparing between  the shining of stars and the beauty ,and glittering of daffodils in order to show the beauty and attraction in which the poet is caught by .Also, the speaker describes the daffodils stretch continuously with without break in the wild like the stars in the milky way galaxy ,all are glittering ,attractive and gleaming .This  comparison to stars provides a new hint the attempt of making the speaker himself an angel as well as heavenly beings and nature itself .The poet also gives us a very beautiful picture of daffodils ,stating that the daffodils found everywhere in regular and endless line that he has ever seen  .Through these lines can be understood that the poet is fond of daffodils wherever they are because it reflects the beauty even in their  shapes and lines .  in  these lines  the poet also gives  more great figure of speech in the form of hyperbole to show how much beautiful the daffodils look like while collecting ,and this shows also how strong his impact to nature is .Therefore the poet personifies daffodils by describing them as persons having heads and dancing happily .
   The waves beside them danced, but they  [a]
Out-did the sparking leaves in glee;               [b]
A poet could not be but gay,                             [a]
In such a jocund company!                                [c]
I gazed---and gazed –but little thought           [d]
What wealth the show to me had brought:    [d]

This stanza is also a deeper description of the flowers ''daffodils''. The poet tells us that the daffodils seem happier than weaves while dancing, personifying them as human companions and preferring daffodils to anything else. However the poet pictures the entire  scene that has suddenly been invested with a joyful human –like presence as weaves never brought as joyful as the flowers ''daffodils with their happiness. Through this comparison, Wordsworth action, magnificence, glittering and sparkling of Daffodils. Also the speaker says that the poet can't help but be happy in such company of Daffodils, suggesting that both Daffodils and weaves feel like companions to him .Then the poet tells us by repeating the word ''gaze that he kept looking enjoying at the flowers ''daffodils for a long time but he never realized precisely what wealth ''permanent happiness'' scene he has   received with this vision.
Manifestly the poet never thinks at the time fully appreciated the vision because he sounds to be really and crazily enjoying Daffodils.

For oft, when on my couch I lie                   [a]
In vacant or in pensive mood,                       [b]
They flash upon that inward eye                 [a]
Which is the bliss of solitude;                       [c]
And then  my heart with the pleasure fills, [d]
And  dances with the daffodils.                    [d]
This stanza is the reflection of Daffodils .In this stanza ,the poet interprets the reason of being daffodils the greatest gift to him by describing habitual action such as sitting on the couch with changing moods or feelings ''vacant and pensive'' ,but the poet groups both experiences .For now ,the poet tells us that whenever and wherever he feels unhappy ,depressed ,pessimistic ,he remembers Daffodils to get his happiness .Moreover the poet tells us that if you are sad, tense and  upset ,close your eyes-the memory or consciousness flashes back to the Daffodils' 'nature. Besides These lines reflect the poet's response to the nature .Through these lines ,the poet wants to tell us that the nature is the  medicine of     sorrow, sadness, tension, unhappiness and pessimism of life .also theses lines indicates that  it .Therefore the poet says that the more you are close to nature ,the more you are happy ,optimistic ,cheerful, excited ,hopeful ,ideal and healthy .Finally ,the poet gives a reflection of the flowers' 'Daffodils' ' which  is as a symbol of really nature and the poet's response to the beauty of nature .

Third Poem :


Stopping by the woods on the snow Evening                     By Robert Frost
     This poem is mixed of objectivity and subjectivity .i.e. it comes from the mind and the heart. This poem contains four constructed stanza .each line is iambic , tetrameter .the first, second within the four lines of each stanza ,the first, second ,and four stanzas rhyme alike and follow rhyme schemed [aa, ba ]For example, the first stanza ,rhyme ''Know ,though ,and here, snow  have the same rhyme.


                First Stanza:

Whose woods these  are I think I know       [a]
His house is in the village, though            [a]
He will not see me stopping here                 [b]
To watch his woods fill up with snow          [a]
       The first stanza consists of four lines and follows the rhyme scheme [ aa ,ba ] within words ''Know, though rhymed with one another and the third line differently rhymes with ''here.
       In this stanza, the poet starts giving us a very beautiful observation of life. In the first stanza ,the poet tells us that on a snowy evening, he stops  by woods ,admiring by watching the woods fill up with snow .though this the poet also shows  us the fascinating scene of natural beauty by giving the real features of  nature which is village in which he is caught and grabbed  immediately  his attention by ,forgetting  his main considerable obligation he   travels  for .initially he wonders who owns  woods then realizes that   they  are the villagers who live  nearby, so  the speaker is eased and relieved. Moreover  ,it can be understood that this stanza is written spontaneously because it comes from the heart immediately, naturally and personally .Therefore these lines tells us that the speaker is affected by W.Wordworth's  spontaneity in the admiration of real reality of nature ,and also in this stanza  he  talks with tone full of satisfaction of nature .
-Second Stanza:

My little horse must think it queer      [a]
To stop without a farmhouse near       [a]
Between the woods and frozen lake    [b]
The darkest evening of the year            [a]

, The first stanza consists of four lines and follows the rhyme scheme [ aa ,ba ] within words ''queer ,near, and in fourth line-''year '' rhymed the same ,and the third line differently rhymes with ''lake ''.
In this stanza ,the poet starts telling us that he was not alone but accompanied by his little horse and  explaining   how both of them stand  spontaneously  spending  much time in the middle of  snowy frosts near the frozen lake , and even if it is extremely cold ,he gets his happiness and joy  appreciating that such wonderful and heavenly place admirably and pleasurably . .Although he still stands  hours with food and even farm hose close by  until darkness of evening comes ,he never realizes his  long  time  stopping   there  and forgets why ,what and where his primary duty and destination of life  while watching the beauty of nature. This means that these lines illustrate the objectivity because they come from the mind.  Therefore these lines suggest that the poet is followed the lyrical style in writing the poetry of B.P. Shelley.    


Third  Stanza:

He gives his harness bells a shake [a]
To ask if there is some mistake       [a]
The only other sound's the sweep [b]
Of easy wind and downy flake        [a]

, The first stanza consists of four lines and follows the rhyme scheme [ aa ,ba ] within words ''shake ,mistake, and in fourth line-''flake'' rhymed the same ,and the third line differently rhymes with ''sweep. ''
        In this stanza, the poet gives us a figure of speech in the form of personification when he humanizes his horse when it realizes that they should go to achieve the main aims which they mean by shaking the bells on his reigns as if to call the speaker's attention why you are standing here and to inform that he must made a mistake   as a human being can realize, understand and feel .This a beautiful comparison between the psychological mind of animals and human beings. The poet also makes us think of the sound ''Sweep'' that he only hear, realizing that inventory of all the sounds around him .This indicates that the speaker is seductive and interested in all the features of nature especially sounds that come from the slight wind and the softly falling snow because nature in any form gives him a peace of mind. However this stanza is objective because it is based on mind ''realizing why they still there and they should approach the targeted destination of life.  Throughout this stanza the poet is influenced by Johan Keats and Lord Byron's poetry.        
Fourth Stanza, ''Last stanza'':
The woods are lovely, dark and deep[a]
But I have promises to keep                 [a]
And miles to go before I sleep              [a]
And miles to go before I sleep.             [a]

      This stanza has notable exception to the pattern of whole poem. All the lines of this stanza have the same repeated rhyme which is['aa ,aa] ''sleep.''
      In these lines, the poet resolves the basic conflict of the poem between his attractions toward s the woods and the pull of responsibilities outside the woods so that this stanza is mixed of subjectivity ''heart'' and objectivity 'mind'' with the universal wisdom. In this stanza, the poet again shows us his admiration and attraction by giving   a great description of woods that; lovely, seductive, restful, and silent that he is caught by '; his desire is to stay longer, but he recognizes the prize of time and the pull of obligations, responsibilities and the considerable ''big'' distance yet to be travelled before he can rest for the night. He is moment ray torn between his love of beauty and these other various and complex claims the life has upon him. Metaphorically life is seen as a journey. One can say that everyone has primarily duties to fulfill that he/she undertake and keep   , before the secondary thing .Moreover the poet  emphasizes  by the repeating   the two last lines ''And miles to go before I can sleep ''that there are two kinds of rest of life; first it can be temporary  and short rest ,and it can be permanent  rest ,Therefore the poet tells us that everybody has duties and responsibilities in life but before ,your permanent rest , you can sleep eternally or you die , you have to finish your duties .

Fourth Poem:
20th century poetry
Level: IV
Taught by: Dr .S.Thripathi
Done by : Ahmed Hassen Al-Dali

 
 
The Road Not Taken                                     by Robert Forts

This poem is about a story of a traveler, he is the narrator and the only person in the whole poem .This story includes the main theme of the poem.
First stanza:
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood   [a]
And sorry I could not travel both           [b]
And be one traveler, long I stood           [b]
And Looked down one as far as I could [b]
To where it bent in the undergrowth;  [c]
  This stanza is a beautiful observation of life when He said that once he was travelling alone, and he found himself in a frost in front of two roads or ways. He was alone, confused, helpless and unable to choose one of them, thinking that he could find a hint  may make his choice or decision easy.
Second stanza:
Then took the other, as just as fair
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that, the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,

This stanza was dreaming decision of travelling of life.
In the second stanza, the narrator gives us a surprise because he decided to choose the second road which he did not look at.  Then he started justifying his choice by saying that the second one is better because it is a fresh and no one has a walk in it before me. It is a clear that he is not satisfied with his decision and he wanted to convince himself that he did the right things because both of the roads were fresh and both of them were the same.
Third Stanza:
And both that morning   equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way Leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back
This stanza shows us that the speaker's dream is broken, realization of life's road that you cannot travel and go in the one of the road of life and can come back again.
In the third stanza, we find that the narrator started walking in the road which he chose, however; while he was walking, he kept thinking about the first one, saying that if he will have the chance, he will choose the second one, but he will choose the first. He is not comfortable with his decision especially that the choice was difficult because both of the roads where exactly the same. He was sure that he will not back because chances are not repeated in life.









Final Stanza:
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a woods and I,
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the differences.
This stanza is the reflection of the roads of life which are ambiguous. In the last stanza, the narrator is still thinking about what happened to him, he said I will keep telling this story all the time , I will say it with a sigh and this sigh could be understood in two ways .It could be a sigh of happiness if he has a good decision ,or it could be a sigh of regret if he has made wrong decision. The poet also tells us that be careful and don’t be in hurry in taking your decision so that you don't regret in life, but the last decision should be yours. Therefore in order to never regret, look before you leap because if you take the best you will take the rest, and chance is given once in life.       


20th century poetry
Level: IV
Taught by: Dr .S.Thripathi
Done by : Ahmed Hassen Al-Dali

 
 



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